- Before you go on to work on the grammar and writing exercises in
this unit, read through this brief review of linking words and phrases for
cause and effect.
- There are three main types of linking words: conjunctions, transitions, and prepositions:
Conjunctions
The most important conjunctions are
because,
as,
since, and
so.
Because,
as, and
since introduce a
cause;
so introduces an
effect. These are used to join two complete sentences (or
independent clauses) together. They are often used like this:
|
First sentence conjunction second
sentence. |
- I stayed at home because
it was raining.
- It was raining, so I stayed at
home. (use a comma before so)
You can also reverse the order of the sentences with
because,
as, and
since:
- Because it was raining, I
stayed at home.
Note that this is
not possible with
so.
Transitions
The most important transitions are
therefore,
consequently, and
as a result. All of these introduce an
effect. These are used to join two complete sentences (or
independent clauses) together. They are often used like this:
|
First sentence; transition, second
sentence. |
|
First sentence. Transition, second
sentence. |
- It was raining;
therefore, I stayed at home.
- It was
raining. Consequently, I stayed at
home.
Prepositions
The most important prepositions are
due to and
because of. Both of these introduce a
cause in the form of a
noun phrase. They are
often used like this:
|
Sentence due to noun
phrase. |
|
Because of noun phrase,
sentence. |
- I stayed at home due to
the rain.
- Because of the rain, I stayed at home.
Edit : http://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/570/pulp/hemp5.htm
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